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Het wetenschappelijk bewijs voor God; het antropische principe

Bs'd

http://www.reasons.org/scientists/anthropic-principle-precise-plan-humanity

The anthropic principle says that the universe appears "designed" for
the sake of human life. More than a century of astronomy and physics
research yields this unexpected observation: the emergence of humans
and human civilization requires physical constants, laws, and
properties that fall within certain narrow ranges—and this truth
applies not only to the cosmos as a whole but also to the galaxy,
planetary system, and planet humans occupy. To state the principle
more dramatically, a preponderance of physical evidence points to
humanity as the central theme of the cosmos.

Support for the anthropic principle comes from an unwavering and
unmistakable trend line within the data: the more astronomers learn
about the universe and the requirements of human existence, the more
severe the limitations they find governing the structure and
development of the universe to accommodate those requirements. In
other words, additional discoveries are leading to more indicators of
large-scale and small-scale fine-tuning.

In 1961, astronomers acknowledged just two characteristics of the
universe as "fine-tuned" to make physical life possible.1 The more
obvious one was the ratio of the gravitational force constant to the
electromagnetic force constant. It cannot differ from its value by any
more than one part in 1040 (one part in ten thousand trillion trillion
trillion) without eliminating the possibility for life. Today, the
number of known cosmic characteristics recognized as fine-tuned for
life—any conceivable kind of physical life—stands at thirty-eight.2 Of
these, the most sensitive is the space energy density (the self-
stretching property of the universe). Its value cannot vary by more
than one part in 10120 and still allow for the kinds of stars and
planets physical life requires.3

Evidence of specific preparation for human existence shows up in the
characteristics of the solar system, as well. In the early 1960s
astronomers could identify just a few solar system characteristics
that required fine-tuning for human life to be possible. By the end of
2001, astronomers had identified more than 150 finely-tuned
characteristics.4 In the 1960s the odds that any given planet in the
universe would possess the necessary conditions to support intelligent
physical life were shown to be less than one in ten thousand.5 In 2001
those odds shrank to less than one in a number so large it might as
well be infinity (10173).6

An account of scientific evidence in support of the anthropic
principle fills several books.7 The authors' religious beliefs run the
gamut from agnosticism to deism to theism, but virtually every
research astronomer alive today agrees that the universe manifests
exquisite fine-tuning for life.8



Eliyahu

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